HEAD-ON (MEETING) SITUATION

When two boats meet head-on, both boats are give-way vessels. Both boats are required to turn to starboard (to the right) to avoid the other. At night, a head-on situation exists when both the red and the green running lights can be seen at the same time. Lights required on boats are explained later in this handbook, as are the sound signals (on this page, below) used when maneuvering.

OVERTAKING (PASSING) SITUATIONS

The boat being passed is the stand-on vessel. It must maintain its course and speed while the overtaking (give-way) vessel passes by. The overtaking boat is always the give-way vessel and it may pass on either side.

CROSSING SITUATION

All boats have a danger zone from dead ahead (12 o'clock) to starboard (the right) 112.5 degrees (4 o'clock). In a crossing situation, the boat in the danger zone (ahead and to the right) is the stand-on vessel. The give-way vessel must stop or slow down and let the stand-on vessel continue on. If the give-way vessel does not take the required action in this or any of the other situations, then the stand-on vessel operator must be prepared to take action to avoid a collision.

A sound signal should be made when within hearing distance of another boat. If in agreement, the other boat responds with the same signal.

• Short Blast - one second duration
• Prolonged Blast - 4 to 6 seconds duration
• 1 Short Blast - I intend to leave you on my port side (I intend to turn to the right).
• 2 Short Blasts - I intend to leave you on my starboard side (I intend to turn to the left).
• 3 Short Blasts - I am operating astern propulsion (reverse).
• 5 or More Short Blasts - Doubt or danger.